Nowadays though you can get almost any colour of LED including non-visible spectrum LEDs such as infrared (as used in remote controls) and ultraviolet. It’s because of the fact that whilst colours such as Red, Green, and infrared LEDs have been around for almost half a century, blue LEDs have only been around for a decade or two because they require a different material and process for construction (Gallium nitride GaN). Speaking of colours, LEDs are available in a wide variety of colours, shapes, sizes and intensities (brightness), however, something that often confuses people is why Blue LEDs are usually more expensive than other colours of LED. The lower level physics is a little more complicated than that, but suffice to say that you can control the wavelength of the energy emitted (wavelength corresponds to a colour of visible light) by altering the construction of the LED and the materials used to create the P-N junction.īy User:S-kei - File:PnJunction-LED-E.PNG, CC BY-SA 2.5 When a current passes through this junction, electrons jump from the N side to the P side to fill the holes as electrons move around the circuit and as the electrons cross this gap, energy is given off (in the case of LEDs, light energy). A P-N junction is two semiconducting materials, one which is processed (‘doped’) to have a great number of electrons (N for negative as electrons are negatively charged particles), and the other which is doped to have less electrons, or ‘holes’ where the electrons are missing (P for positive as an absence of electrons creates a positive charge). We won’t be going right down to the nitty-gritty physics behind semiconductor technology but a diode consists of a P-N junction. Working Principle of LEDsĪ LED, as the name implies, is a special type of diode, one that emits electromagnetic energy (light) when activated. In this article, we’ll be using basic electronics theory and terms, so if you’re not familiar with Ohms law, voltage, current, and other such terms, take a quick read of our Analogue Electronics Crash Course first. So now that we know they’re useful, how do they actually work? The widespread usage of LED technology is due to the power efficiency, compact form, robustness, and ease of use compared to traditional forms of lighting. LED technology is all around us, indicators on consumer electronics, automotive brake lights, TV screens, almost every electronic product will utilise LEDs in some way shape or form. This process is called electroluminescence. Now first of all, what is an LED? LED stands for Light Emitting Diode and is an electronic component used to convert electrical energy to light energy. Hello and welcome to our tutorial where we a look at all things LED. ![]() USB to 5.5mm/2.1mm DC Booster Cable - 9V or 12V Output Price: $16.35 RFID/NFC Tag Credit Card-Sized (NTAG213 Chip, 13.56MHz) Price: $1.80 USB Car Charger - Quick Charge 3.0 and 18W Power Delivery Price: $29.95 PiicoDev OLED Display Module (128圆4) SSD1306 Price: $12.60
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